Overall Size

• Height: 1800 mm (1.8 m)
• Wall Thickness (base): 450 mm → reduces to ~225 mm towards top.
• Foundation Width: 840 mm
• Foundation Depth: 450 mm

Step-by-Step Construction Process

1. Foundation (Base Support)

• Excavate to required depth.
• Lay mass concrete foundation:
  • Depth = 450 mm
  • Width = 840 mm
• Purpose: To distribute load and prevent settlement.

2. Wall Construction

• Use brick masonry with cement mortar.
• Base wall thickness: 450 mm, then step it back as height increases (shown in section).
• DPC (Damp Proof Course) is added below coping stone to prevent water seepage.

3. Coping

• Install Precast Concrete Weathered Coping Stone at the top.
• Purpose:
  • Protect wall top from rain penetration.
  • Give neat finish.

4. Drainage (Weep Holes)

• Provide 75 mm diameter weep holes at intervals.
• Spacing = about 1 m horizontally, and 450 mm above ground.
• Each hole lined with PVC pipe (40 mm) to prevent clogging.
• Purpose: Allows water pressure behind the wall to escape.

5. Backfilling

• Behind the wall, place rubble filling (stones, gravel, coarse aggregate).
• Height = ~900 mm (backfill zone).
• Function: Improves drainage and reduces hydrostatic pressure.

6. Ground Levels

• Front side (retained soil side): Ground level marked at base.
• Back side (fill side): Soil retained up to full 1800 mm height.

⚙️ Key Technical Notes

• Wall Height (1.8 m) = Suitable for garden or light retaining. For taller walls → RCC (reinforced concrete) recommended.
• Weep holes = Prevent water buildup, reducing risk of wall collapse.
• Coping stone = Essential for durability.
• Foundation size = ~½ wall height → gives stability against overturning.

✅ In Summary:
This drawing shows a standard 1.8 m high brick retaining wall with a wide concrete foundation, rubble backfilling, and drainage holes. It’s strong, simple to build, and ideal for gardens, small plots, or boundary-level retaining structures.